Question
Explain the poverty alleviation programmes.
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Answer
Poverty alleviation programmes in India can be broadly classified into:Wage based employment programmes,Self-employment programmes.Programmes related to food security.Programmes related to social security.Programmes related to reduction of poverty in the urban areas.A brief narration of some of these programmes is as under:
$(i)$ Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act $(MGNREGA):$ This is a wage-based employment programme. One person from every family is guaranteed wage employment for minimum $100$ days in the financial year. The daily wages are fixed by the government and if it fails to provide work, unemployment allowance is paid. Rural Development activities such as horticulture, land levelling, tree plantation, water conservation, cleaning of canals, etc. are undertaken.
$(ii)$ Chief Minister’s Village Road Scheme: Village Panchayats are provided financial assistance to build approach roads and thereby connect the village to the nearby villages and highways.
$(iii)$ Deendayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana: This programme of rural electrification proposes unhindered supply of electricity to $18000$ villages which are without supply of electricity. It proposes to supply electricity for domestic use and agriculture at a concessional rate, provide subsidy to farmers to purchase electric motors and set up new power sub-stions. It provides subsidy to purchase solar energy equipment.
$(iv)$ Maa Annapurna Yojana: The Antyodaya families in the cities and villages are provided $35\ kg$ food grains free of cost per month. The other poor persons are provided $5\ kg$ food grains at a very low rate. This programme is a part of the food security activity in Gujarat.
$(v)$ Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana: Every member of Parliament is provided ten crore rupees to be spent on the development of an adopted village. The activities include improvement in education and health services and generate employment opportunities. In their endeavour to make an ideal village, they build permanent public assets, promote social harmony and preserve cultural heritage.
$(vi)$ Mission Mangalam: It is meant to encourage women to form Self-Help Groups. They are provided skill-training for household economic employed and come out of the vicious circle of poverty.
$(vii)$ Dattopand Thengdi Vyaj-Sahay Yojana: It is a scheme through which the government provides loans to village artisans at a low rate to purchase raw material for their handicraft and cottage industries.
$(viii)$ Jyoti Gramodyog Vikas Yojana: It is the ‘Start-up India’ scheme for unemployed persons in the rural areas. They are provided financial help and subsidies to undertake production activities and overcome poverty.
$(ix)$ Vajpayee Bankable Yojana: It is meant for the unemployed persons who are in the age group of $18$ to $65$ years and have completed primary education. They are provided skill training and financial help to undertake their production activities. This scheme is meant for the unemployed persons in the rural as well as urban areas.
$(i)$ Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act $(MGNREGA):$ This is a wage-based employment programme. One person from every family is guaranteed wage employment for minimum $100$ days in the financial year. The daily wages are fixed by the government and if it fails to provide work, unemployment allowance is paid. Rural Development activities such as horticulture, land levelling, tree plantation, water conservation, cleaning of canals, etc. are undertaken.
$(ii)$ Chief Minister’s Village Road Scheme: Village Panchayats are provided financial assistance to build approach roads and thereby connect the village to the nearby villages and highways.
$(iii)$ Deendayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana: This programme of rural electrification proposes unhindered supply of electricity to $18000$ villages which are without supply of electricity. It proposes to supply electricity for domestic use and agriculture at a concessional rate, provide subsidy to farmers to purchase electric motors and set up new power sub-stions. It provides subsidy to purchase solar energy equipment.
$(iv)$ Maa Annapurna Yojana: The Antyodaya families in the cities and villages are provided $35\ kg$ food grains free of cost per month. The other poor persons are provided $5\ kg$ food grains at a very low rate. This programme is a part of the food security activity in Gujarat.
$(v)$ Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana: Every member of Parliament is provided ten crore rupees to be spent on the development of an adopted village. The activities include improvement in education and health services and generate employment opportunities. In their endeavour to make an ideal village, they build permanent public assets, promote social harmony and preserve cultural heritage.
$(vi)$ Mission Mangalam: It is meant to encourage women to form Self-Help Groups. They are provided skill-training for household economic employed and come out of the vicious circle of poverty.
$(vii)$ Dattopand Thengdi Vyaj-Sahay Yojana: It is a scheme through which the government provides loans to village artisans at a low rate to purchase raw material for their handicraft and cottage industries.
$(viii)$ Jyoti Gramodyog Vikas Yojana: It is the ‘Start-up India’ scheme for unemployed persons in the rural areas. They are provided financial help and subsidies to undertake production activities and overcome poverty.
$(ix)$ Vajpayee Bankable Yojana: It is meant for the unemployed persons who are in the age group of $18$ to $65$ years and have completed primary education. They are provided skill training and financial help to undertake their production activities. This scheme is meant for the unemployed persons in the rural as well as urban areas.
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