Question
Explain the process of fertilization by defining the insemination.
✓
Answer
Insemination : During copulation (coitus), semen is released by penis of man into vagina of women is called insemination.
Process of Fertilization : The motile sperms swim rapidly, pass through the cervix, enter into uterus and finally reach the ampullary region of the fallopian tube. Meanwhile ovum released by ovary during ovulation also reach the ampullary region where fertilization takes place. The process of fusion of a sperm with an ovum is called fertilization. During fertilization a sperm comes in contact with the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and induces changes in the membrane that block the entry of additional sperms. Thus, it ensures that only one sperm can fertilize an ovum. The secretion of acrosome help the sperm enter into the cytoplasm of the ovum through the zona pellucida and the plasma membrane. This induces the completion of the meiotic division of the secondary oocyte and it results into formation of second polar body and a haploid ovum. Soon the haploid nucleus of sperm and that of ovum fuse together forming diploid zygote.
Process of Fertilization : The motile sperms swim rapidly, pass through the cervix, enter into uterus and finally reach the ampullary region of the fallopian tube. Meanwhile ovum released by ovary during ovulation also reach the ampullary region where fertilization takes place. The process of fusion of a sperm with an ovum is called fertilization. During fertilization a sperm comes in contact with the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and induces changes in the membrane that block the entry of additional sperms. Thus, it ensures that only one sperm can fertilize an ovum. The secretion of acrosome help the sperm enter into the cytoplasm of the ovum through the zona pellucida and the plasma membrane. This induces the completion of the meiotic division of the secondary oocyte and it results into formation of second polar body and a haploid ovum. Soon the haploid nucleus of sperm and that of ovum fuse together forming diploid zygote.
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