Question
Explain the reaction of various ethers with hydrogen halide with the mechanism.
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Answer
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Which of the following compounds would undergo aldol condensation, which the Cannizzaro reaction and which neither? Write the structures of the expected products of aldol condensation and Cannizzaro reaction.
- Methanal
- 2-Methylpentanal
- Benzaldehyde
- Benzophenone
- Cyclohexanone
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- Phenylacetaldehyde
- Butan-1-ol
- 2,2-Dimethylbutanal.
What are the similarities between lanthanoids and actinoids?
Match the graph given in Column I with the order of reaction given in Column II. More than one item in Column I may link to the same item of Column II.
Column I | Column II | ||
(i) |  | ||
(ii) |  | (a) | Ist order |
(iii) |  | (b) | Zero order |
(iv) |  |
Explain the electrophilic substitution reactions of amine.
Account for the following :
(i) $p K _b$ of aniline is more than that of methylamine.
(ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not.
(iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.
(iv) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction.
(v) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines.
→→(i) $p K _b$ of aniline is more than that of methylamine.
(ii) Ethylamine is soluble in water whereas aniline is not.
(iii) Methylamine in water reacts with ferric chloride to precipitate hydrated ferric oxide.
(iv) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction.
(v) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more stable than those of aliphatic amines.
Define enzymes. How do enzymes differ from ordinary chemical catalysts?
Draw the structures of optical isomers of :
(i) $\left[ Cr \left( C _2 O _4\right)_3\right]^{3-}$
(ii) $\left[ PtCl _2( en )_2\right]^{2+}$
(iii) $\left[ Cr \left( NH _3\right)_2 Cl _2( en )\right]^{+}$
→(i) $\left[ Cr \left( C _2 O _4\right)_3\right]^{3-}$
(ii) $\left[ PtCl _2( en )_2\right]^{2+}$
(iii) $\left[ Cr \left( NH _3\right)_2 Cl _2( en )\right]^{+}$
- Name the three major classes of carbohydrates and give an example of each of these classes.
- Answer the following:
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[A], [B], [C], [D], [E], [F] and [G] are amines each of which forms a hydrochloride containing 32.42% chlorine. [A], [B], [C] and [D] evolve N2 on reaction with HNO2, but [E], [F], [G] and [H] do not. Give structures of [A] to [H] with reasons.