Question
Explain the Tollens' test to distinguish aldehydes from ketones with equation. ### Write a note on silver mirror test.
✓
Answer
→ Tollens' test: On warming an aldehyde with freshly prepared ammoniacal silver nitrate solution (Tollens' reagent), a bright silver mirror is produced due to the formation of silver metal. The aldehydes are oxidised to corresponding carboxylate anion. The reaction occurs in alkaline medium.
RCHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]++ 3OH- → RCOO- + 2Ag + 2H2O + 4NH3
RCHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]++ 3OH- → RCOO- + 2Ag + 2H2O + 4NH3
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