Question
Explain through an activity that soil has moisture in it.
✓
Answer
Take a plastic funnel and a filter paper. Fold the filter paper and place it in a plastic funnel. Now keep the funnel (with filter paper) in a beaker. Take some dry powdered soil and weigh it on a balance.
Note the mass of the soil taken. Now pour this weighed soil into the filter paper fixed in a funnel.
Take a measuring cylinder and fill it with water. Note the initial volume of water in the measuring cylinder. Take water from measuring cylinder with the help of a dropper and pour it drop by drop on the soil kept in the funnel. Be careful that water should not fall at one spot on the soil but should be poured uniformly all over the soil. Keep pouring water till it starts dripping from the lower end of the funnel.
Dripping of water from funnel shows that the soil taken on the filter paper has absorbed the maximum amount of water. Note the final volume of water that is left unused in the measuring cylinder.
By substracting the amount of water left in the measuring cylinder from the amount of initial volume of water taken in the measuring cylinder. We will get the volume of water absorbed by the soil which was taken on filter paper in the funnel. The difference in two reading gives the amount of water retained by the soil.
The calculation can be done as follows:
Suppose, the mass of the soil taken $= 50\ g$
Let the initial volume of water $U = 100\ mL$
and final volume of water $V = 60\ mL$
Therefore, the volume of water absorbed by the soil $= (U - V)\ mL = (100 - 60)\ mL = 40\ mL$
and weight of the water absorbed by the soil $= (U - V)\ Q = (100 - 60)\ g = 40\ g$
Therefore, the percentage of water absorbed
$=\Big(\frac{\text{U}-\text{V}}{50}\times100\Big)=\frac{40}{50}\times100=80\%<\text{br}/>$
When we perform this activity with different soil samples, we will see that.
- Sandy soil will absorb less water and allows more water to percolate.
- Clayey soil will absorb more water but allow less water to percolate.
- Sandy soil will absorb less water than clayey soil because of the large spaces between the soil particles. The area where, there is a lot of clay in the soil, stagnant water collects above the soil whenever it rains.
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