Question
Explain various processes that make up the water cycle.
✓
Answer
There are six important processes that make up the water cycle:
- Condensation: The opposite of evaporation. Condensation occurs when a gas is changed into a liquid.
- Infiltration: Infiltration is an important process where rain water soaks into the ground, through the soil and underlying rock layers.
- Runoff: Much of the water that returns to Earth as precipitation runs off the surface of the land, and flows downhill into streams, rivers, ponds and lakes.
- Evaporation: The process where a liquid, in this case water, changes from its liquid state to a gaseous state.
- Precipitation: When the temperature and atmospheric pressure are right, the small droplets of water in clouds form larger droplets and precipitation occurs. The raindrops fall to Earth.
- Transpiration: As plants absorb water from the soil, the water moves from the roots through the stems to the leaves. Once the water reaches the leaves, some of it evaporates from the leaves, adding to the amount of water vapour in the air. This process of evaporation through plant leaves is called transpiration.
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Here is a crossword puzzle: Good luck!
Across
$3.$ Liquid waste products
$4.$ Solid waste extracted in sewage treatment
$6.$ A word related to hygiene
$8.$ Waste matter discharged from human body
Down
$1.$ Used water
$2.$ A pipe carrying sewage
$5.$ Micro-organism which causes cholera
$7.$ A chemical to disinfect water
→Across
$3.$ Liquid waste products
$4.$ Solid waste extracted in sewage treatment
$6.$ A word related to hygiene
$8.$ Waste matter discharged from human body
Down
$1.$ Used water
$2.$ A pipe carrying sewage
$5.$ Micro-organism which causes cholera
$7.$ A chemical to disinfect water
Match the items in Column $I$ with those in Column $II:$
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Column $I$
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Column $II$
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$(i)$
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A home for living organisms
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$(a)$
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Large particles
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$(ii)$
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Upper layer of the soil
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$(b)$
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All kinds of soil
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$(iii)$
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Sandy soil
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$(c)$
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Dark in colour
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$(iv)$
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Middle layer of the soil
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$(d)$
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Small particles and packed tight
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$(v)$
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Clayey soil
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$(e)$
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Lesser amount of humus
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