Question
Explain what is meant by mitigation and how is it implemented?
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Answer
- Mitigation means any measure taken to minimize the impact of a disaster before it occurs. In other words, it is an action taken against the potential disasters.
- It is carried out for those disasters which cannot be prevented.
- Mitigation is helpful to the people because it creates safer communities and reduces loss of life and property of people.
- Remote sensing satellites can forecast floods or cyclones so people know about their timings. People can be evacuated from vulnerable areas. Example, when cyclone Fani occurred in India, mitigation efforts helped to reduce loss of life and property.
- Thus, mitigation helps to reduce the financial impact of disaster on Government agencies.
- Community level disaster planning.
- Public awareness and information campaigns.
- Preparedness of hospitals.
- Construction of houses away from hazardous areas.
- Mitigation efforts can be categorized as structural and non-structural mitigations.
- Structural mitigation efforts include construction of river embankments or strengthening of the existing buildings.
- Non-structural mitigation efforts include area training in disaster management, regulating land use, public education, etc.
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