Question
Explain with an example what is meant by substitution and addition reaction.
✓
Answer
$(i)$ The reaction in which the palce of one type of atom or group of atoms in a reactants is fallen by another atom or group of atoms is called Substitution reaction.
$ CH _4+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _3- Cl + HCl$
$CH _3 Cl ^2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _2 Cl _2+ HCl$
$CH _2 Cl _2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CHCl _3+ HCl$
$CHCl _3+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CCl _4+ HCl $
$(ii)$ When a carbon atom combines with another compound to form a product that contains all the atoms in both the reactants, is is called an addition reaction. For example $-$ When ethene is heated with bromine, bromine added to ethene to form ethylene dibromide.
$ CH _4+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _3- Cl + HCl$
$CH _3 Cl ^2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CH _2 Cl _2+ HCl$
$CH _2 Cl _2+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CHCl _3+ HCl$
$CHCl _3+ Cl _2 \xrightarrow{\text { sunlight }} CCl _4+ HCl $
$(ii)$ When a carbon atom combines with another compound to form a product that contains all the atoms in both the reactants, is is called an addition reaction. For example $-$ When ethene is heated with bromine, bromine added to ethene to form ethylene dibromide.
Need a full question paper?
Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.
Explore more
Similar questions
A food chain consists of fish, larvae, phytoplanktons and birds. The level of pesticides in water in which the fish, larvae and phytoplanktons live is quite high.
- In which organisms the pesticides enter from the polluted water? What is this level of organisms known as?
- Which organism will have the maximum amount of pesticides accumulated through the food chain? What is this process known as?
- Write the food chain comprising all the organisms mentioned above.
- Which other organism you could write in place of bird in the above food chain?
Write short note: Uses of stem cells.
Solution A turns universal indicator blue to purple whereas solution B turns universal indicator orange to red.
- What will be the action of solution A on litmus?
- What will be action of solution B on litmus?
- Name any two substances which can give solutions like A.
- Name any two substances which can give solutions like B.
- What sort of reaction takes place when solution A reacts with solution B?
The flask-shaped organ A at the centre of a flower is surrounded by a number of little stalks B having swollen tops which lie just inside the ring of petals.
- Name A. What are the various parts of A?
- Which part of A contains gametes?
- Name B. What is the swollen top of B known as?
- What does the swollen top of b contain?
- Out of A and B, which one is (i) male part, and (ii) female part of the flower?
Write Short note: Seed germination.
What is an electromagnet? Describe the construction and working of an electromagnet with the help of a labelled diagram.
Solve the following example.
Speed in first medium, $v_1 = 3 \times 10^8 m/s$
Speed in second medium, $v_2 = 2 \times 10^8 m/s$
Then $_2n_1 = ?$
→Speed in first medium, $v_1 = 3 \times 10^8 m/s$
Speed in second medium, $v_2 = 2 \times 10^8 m/s$
Then $_2n_1 = ?$
Write on significant space missions carried out by man.
A certain form of energy is available due to the difference in the temperature of water at the surface of the ocean and its deeper levels.
- Name the form of energy.
- Is this energy ultimately derived from the sun or not?
- Explain how this form of energy can be converted into electricity.
- What is the minimum temperature difference in water at the surface of ocean and its deeper level which is required to operate power plants based on this energy?
A metal $X$ which is resistant to corrosion is produced by the electrolysis of its molten oxide whereas another metal $Y$ which is also resistant to corrosion is produced by the reduction of its oxide with carbon. Metal $X$ can be used in powder form in thermite welding whereas metal $Y$ is used in making cathodes of ordinary dry cells.
→- Name the metals $X$ and $Y.$
- Which of the two metals is more reactive : $X$ or $Y?$
- Name one ore or metal $X$. Also write its chemical formula.
- Name one ore of metal $Y.$ Also write its chemical formula.
- Name one alloy of metal $X$ and one alloy of metal $Y.$