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Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryChemical Bonding and Molecular Structure5 Marks
Question
Explain with the help of suitable example polar covalent bond.
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Answer

When two atoms with different electronegativity are linked to each other by covalent bond, the shared electron pair will not in the centre because of the difference in electronegativity. For example, in hydrogen fluoride molecule, fluoride has greater electronegativity than hydrogen. Thus, the shared electron pair is displaced more towards’ fluorine atom, the later will acquire a partial negative charge $(\delta^+)$. At the same time hydrogen atom will have a partial positive charge $(\delta^-)$. Such a covalent bond is known as polar covalent bond or simply polar bond.
It is represented as $\ \ \ \delta^+\ \ \ \ \delta^-\\\ \ \text{H}\ -\ \text{F}\$2.1)\ (4.0)$

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