Question
Factories: $40 + 3x - x^2$

Answer

We have:
$40 + 3x - x^2$
$= -(x^2- 3x - 40)$
To factories $(x^2- 3x - 40),$ we fill find two number p and q such $p + q = -3$ and $pq = -40$
Now,
$5 + (-8) = -3$ and $5 x (-8) = -40$
$= -(x^2+ 5x - 8x - 40)$
$= -[x(x + 5) - 8(x + 40)]$
$= -(x - 8)(x + 5)$
$= (x + 5)(-x + 8)$

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