Question
Find the position vector of a point R which divides the line segment joining points $\text{P}\big(\hat{\text{i}}+2\hat{\text{j}}+\hat{\text{k}}\big)$ and $\text{Q}\big(-\hat{\text{i}}+\hat{\text{j}}+\hat{\text{k}}\big)$ in the ratio 2 : 1.

Externally

Answer

Given: R divides the line segment joining the points $\text{P}\big(\hat{\text{i}}+2\hat{\text{j}}+\hat{\text{k}}\big),\text{Q}\big(-\hat{\text{i}}+\hat{\text{j}}+\hat{\text{k}}\big)$ in the ratio 2 : 1 externally.
Therefore position vector of $\text{R}=\frac{2\big(-\hat{\text{i}}+\hat{\text{j}}+\hat{\text{k}}\big)+1\big(\hat{\text{i}}+2\hat{\text{j}}+\hat{\text{k}}\big)}{2+1}$
$=-3\hat{\text{i}}+\hat{\text{k}}$

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