The North Indian Plain is located between Himalayas in the north and peninsular plateau in the south. It is formed due to the deposition of alluvium of big rivers like Satluj. Ganga and Brahmaputra emerging from these two regions. The alluvium of about 50 metres thickness is found in some parts of this plain. It is almost a level land. No part of this plain is higher than 180 metres.
→ This plain is about 2400 km long, Its western part is narrower than the eastern part.
→ This plain is considered to be one of the largest river plains of the world.
→ Agriculture has developed in this region due to fertile soil, favourable climate and sufficient quantity of water.This plain is considered to be a prosperous region of India. It includes cities like Delhi. Agra.Kanpur,Lucknow.Allahabad. Varanasi, Patna. Kolkata, etc.
→ This plain is narrower near Delhi. Satluj plain hes to the west and Ganga plain to the east of Delhi. This plain is also called as 'Gateway of Ganga.
→ The North Indian Plain is about 2400 km long stretching from the mouth of river Sindhu up to Ganga-Brahmaputra mouth. and is 150 to 300 km broad. It is narrow in the east.
→ The plain has two divisions Sindhu river system plain and Ganga-Brahmaputra river systern plain.
→ The plain formed by five tributaries of Sindhu viz Jhelum, Chenab, Beas, Ravi and Satluj is known as 'Punjab' (Panch+ Aab). Most of this plain is in Pakistan
→ Ganga enters the plain near Haridwar and then flows eastward. In its course rivers like Yamuna. Gomati, Ghaghra. Gandak, Shon (Son). Kosi and other tributaries meet her. River Brahmaputra meets her in Bangladesh. Their combined flow is known as Meghna. The delta formed by these rivers is the largest and still expanding riverine delta.
→ The plain can be divided into four regions on the basis of physiography: (1) Bhabar. (2) Terai, (3) Bangar and (4) Khadar. A 8 to 10 km wide strip formed parallel to Shivalik foothills and composed of pebbles and gravel and is known as Bhabar. Terai region falls in the south of Bhabar. There are dense forests in this wet and marshy region. The old alluvial strata to its south are called Bangar and the strata with new alluvium is called Khadar.