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Elements of Group 13, 14 and 15 — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryElements of Group 13, 14 and 152 Marks
Question
Give reasons:
$Ga ^{3+}$ salts are better reducing agent while $Tl ^{3+}$ salts are better oxidising agent.
✓

Answer

i. Both gallium (Ga) and thallium (Tl) belong to group 13.
ii. Ga is lighter element compared to thallium Tl. Therefore, its +3 oxidation state is stable. Thus, Ga+ loses two electrons and get oxidized to $Ga ^{3+}$. Hence, $Ga +$ salts are better reducing agent.
iii. Thallium is a heavy element. Therefore, due to the inert pair effect, Tl forms stable compounds in +1 oxidation state. Thus, $Tl ^{3+}$ salts get easily reduced to $Tl ^{1+}$ by accepting two electrons. Hence, $Tl ^{3+}$ salts are better oxidizing agent.
[Note: This question is modified so as to apply the appropriate textual concept.]

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