$=\left[\Delta H_{f}^{0}(H)+\Delta H_{f}^{0}(C l)\right]-\left[\Delta H_{f}^{0}(H C l)\right]$
$=\frac{1}{2} \times 430+\frac{1}{2} \times 240-(-90)$
$=425 \;\mathrm{KJ} / \mathrm{mol}$
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$(I)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,||} \\
{C{H_3} - C{H_2} - O - S - C{F_3}} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,||} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,O}
\end{array}$
$(II)$ $CH_3-CH_2-O-TsCl$
$(III)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{C{H_3} - CH - C{H_3}} \\
{|\,\,\,\,} \\
{OH\,}
\end{array}$
$(IV)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{C{H_3} - CH - OH} \\
| \\
{{C_6}{H_5}}
\end{array}$
$(a)\, \Delta U = 0$
$(b)\, q = 0$
$(c)\, \Delta T = 0$
$(d)\,q = 2.303\,nRT\,{\log _{10}}\,\left( {\frac{{{V_2}}}{{{V_1}}}} \right)$