Factory system of production implies that managers serve as a link between the owners and the workers. Since as managers they had the mandate to get work done from the workers, there always exist the possibility of a kind of class conflict, the managers versus workers. Taylor recognised that this conflict helped none, the workers, the managers or the factory owners. Both should realise that each one is important. In such a situation even trade unions will not think of going on strike etc. According to Taylor, Scientific management has for its foundation the firm conviction that the true interests of the two are one and the same; that prosperity of the business cannot exist for a long time unless it is accompanied by prosperity/well-being of its workers. Japanese work culture is a classic example of such a situation. In Japanese companies, paternalistic style of management is in practice. There is complete openness between the management and workers. If at all workers go to strike they wear a black badge but work more than normal working hours to gain the sympathy of the management.
a. Identify and explain the principle of scientific management highlighted in the above paragraph.
b. To achieve a state like that of Japanese work culture, Taylor called for an important concept. Identify and explain that concept.