MODEL PAPER - 9 [2026] — Social Studies STD 10 — Question

Society needs many things as a whole which the private sector is not able to provide at a reasonable cost.
The reasons are as follows:
a. Some of them need spending large sums of money which is beyond the capacity of the private sector.
b. The private sector charges are very high whereas the government will charge reasonably.
c. Without government's encouragement and help, the private sector can't enter into such services.
Areas, where the government must spend for the welfare of the people are:
a. Providing health and education facilities by building proper schools.
b. Providing proper food to tackle the problem of malnourishment.
c. Government also needs to pay attention to the aspects of human development such as safe drinking water, housing, and taking care of the poorest.
d. Safe drinking water must be made available to all.
e. Housing facilities must be provided to the homeless.
f. It is the duty of the Government to take care of ignored and backward regions of the country to bring balanced growth, development in the entire country.
g. There are some activities, which the government has to support. The private sector may not continue it's production or business unless the government encourages it. For example, selling electricity at the cost of generation may push up the costs of production of industries. 'Many units, especially small-scale units, might have to shut down. Government here steps in by producing and supplying electricity at rates which these industries can afford. Government has to bear part of the cost.