Question
How is ethylamine prepared from (a) Nitro-alkane (b) Oxime?
Explain basic nature of amines.
Explain basic nature of amines.
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Fluorine shows only $-1$ oxidation state while other halogens show $-1, +1, +3, +5$ and $+7$ oxidation states. Explain.
→(a) $Sn _{( aq )}^{2+}+2 AgCl _{( s )} \rightarrow Sn _{( aq )}^{4+}+2 Ag ( s )+2 Cl _{( aq )}^{-}$
The overall reaction takes place into two steps:
(i) $Sn _{( aq )}^{2+} \rightarrow Sn ^{4+}+2 e ^{-}$(Oxidation half reaction)
(ii) $2 AgCl _{( s )}+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow 2 Ag _{( s )}+2 Cl _{\text {(aq) }}^{-}$(Reduction half reaction)
Hence the cell is,
$Pt \left| Sn _{\text {(aq }}^{2+}, Sn _{\text {(aq) }}^{4+} \| Cl _{\text {(aq) }}^{-}(1 M )\right| AgCl _{( s )} \mid Ag _{( s )}$
(b) $Mg _{( s )}+ Br _{2(l)} \rightarrow Mg _{( aq )}^{2+}+2 Br _{( aq )}^{-}$
The overall reaction takes place into two steps:
(i) $Mg _{( s )} \longrightarrow Mg _{\text {(aq) }}^{2+}+2 e ^{-}$
(Oxidation half reaction)
(ii) $Br _{2()}+2 e ^{-} \longrightarrow 2 Br _{\text {(aq) }}^{-}$
(Reduction half reaction)
Hence the cell is,
$Mg _{( s )}\left| Mg _{( aq )}^{2+}(1 M ) \| Br _{( aq )}^{-}(1 M )\right| Br _{2( l )} \mid Pt$
→The overall reaction takes place into two steps:
(i) $Sn _{( aq )}^{2+} \rightarrow Sn ^{4+}+2 e ^{-}$(Oxidation half reaction)
(ii) $2 AgCl _{( s )}+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow 2 Ag _{( s )}+2 Cl _{\text {(aq) }}^{-}$(Reduction half reaction)
Hence the cell is,
$Pt \left| Sn _{\text {(aq }}^{2+}, Sn _{\text {(aq) }}^{4+} \| Cl _{\text {(aq) }}^{-}(1 M )\right| AgCl _{( s )} \mid Ag _{( s )}$
(b) $Mg _{( s )}+ Br _{2(l)} \rightarrow Mg _{( aq )}^{2+}+2 Br _{( aq )}^{-}$
The overall reaction takes place into two steps:
(i) $Mg _{( s )} \longrightarrow Mg _{\text {(aq) }}^{2+}+2 e ^{-}$
(Oxidation half reaction)
(ii) $Br _{2()}+2 e ^{-} \longrightarrow 2 Br _{\text {(aq) }}^{-}$
(Reduction half reaction)
Hence the cell is,
$Mg _{( s )}\left| Mg _{( aq )}^{2+}(1 M ) \| Br _{( aq )}^{-}(1 M )\right| Br _{2( l )} \mid Pt$
What are semiconductors ? Mention the types of semiconductors.
What is the action of the following reagents on toluene ?$CrO_2Cl_2$ in $CS_2$
→Describe the construction and working of hydrogen-oxygen $\left( H _2- O _2\right)$ fuel cell.
→Calculate $E ^0$ Cell, $\Delta G ^0$ and equilibrium constant for the reaction $2 Cu ^{+} \rightarrow Cu ^{2+}+ Cu$.
$E ^0 Cu ^{+} / Cu =0.52 V$ and $E ^0 Cu ^{2+}, Cu +=0.16 V$.
→$E ^0 Cu ^{+} / Cu =0.52 V$ and $E ^0 Cu ^{2+}, Cu +=0.16 V$.
Write all the possible structural isomers of alcohol having molecular formula C6H140. Give their IUPAC names. Classify them as primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. Identify optically active alcohols amongst them.
Write a note on Clemmensen reduction.Explain Clemmeusen’s reduction.Explain the reduction of carbonyl group into methylene group.
Coordination number used in coordination of compounds is somewhat different than that used in solid state. Explain.
How is acid chloride obtained from carboxylic acid?