Question
How is phenol (carbolic acid) prepared from chlorobenzene (Dow’s process)?###Write chemical reaction for the preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.
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Answer
Preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene (Dow's process) : Chlorobenzene is fused with $NaOH$ at about $623 K$ under a pressure of about 150 atmospheres $\left(1.5 \times 10^7 Nm ^{-2}\right)$, when sodium phenoxide is formed. Sodium phenoxide is acidified with dil. $HCl$ to obtain phenol.
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