Question
How is the exchange rate determined under a flexible exchange rate regime?

Answer

Flexible exchange rate is determined by the forces of supply and demand in the international market. And the equilibrium exchange rate is determined at a level where demand for foreign exchange is equal to the supply of foreign exchange.Sources of demand for foreign exchange:
  1. Payment of international loans.
  2. Gifts and grants to rest of the world.
Source of supply of foreign exchange:
  1. Export to the rest of the world.
  2. Direct foreign investment.
  3. Direct purchase of goods and services by the non-residents in the domestic market.
​​​​​​​ In the figure, the equilibrium exchange rate i.e., E.

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