A spherical mirror produces an image of magnification −1 on a screen placed at a distance of 40 cm from the mirror:

1. Write the type of mirror.
2. What is the nature of the image formed?
3. How far is the object located from the mirror?
4. Draw the ray diagram to show the image formation in this case.

An object of 5.0cm size is placed at a distance of 20.0cm from a converging mirror of focal length 15.0cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed to get the sharp image? Also calculate the size of the image.

If an object of 10cm height is placed at a distance of 36cm from a concave mirror of focal length 12cm, find the position, nature and height of the image.

The two rays chosen for the construction of ray diagram is:

Ray 1: When the incident ray is parallel to the principal axis, the reflected ray will pass through the focus of concave mirror or it appears to pass through the focus of convex mirror.
Ray 2: When the incident ray passes through or appears to pass through the centre of curvature, the light, after reflection from the spherical mirror, reflects back along the same path.
The image formed is real, inverted, magnified and is formed beyond the centre of curvature.

The image formed by a spherical mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification - 2. If the image is at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed ? Find the focal length of the mirror. List two characteristics of the image formed if the object is moved 10 cm towards the mirror.

1. Draw a diagram to show how a converging lens focusses parallel rays of light?
2. How would you alter the above diagram to show how a converging lens can produce a beam of parallel rays of light.

The magnification of an image formed by a lens is –1. If the distance between the object and its image is 60cm, what is the distance of the object from the optical centre of the lens? Find the nature and focal length of the lens. If the object is displaced 20cm towards the optical centre of the lens, where would the image be formed and what would be its nature? Draw a ray diagram to justify your answer.

An object 2cm tall stands on the principal axis of a converging lens of focal length 8cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image formed if the object is:

1. 12cm from the lens.
2. 6 cm from the lens.

Between which two points of concave mirror should an object be placed to obtain a magnification of:

1. −3
2. +25
3. −0.4

The shiny outer surface of a hollow sphere of aluminium of radius 50cm is to be used as a mirror:

1. What will be the focal length of this mirror?
2. Which type of spherical mirror will it provide?
3. State whether this spherical mirror will diverge or converge light rays.