Question
How will the compounds, $MgCl_2$_ and $CaO$ be formed from their elements?
✓
Answer
(1) Magnesium Chloride $\left( MgCl _2\right)$
Magnesium atom (Mg): Electronic configuration
$(2,8,2) \xrightarrow{-2 e^{-}} \text {Magnesium ion } Mg^{2+}(2,8)$
Chlorine atom (Cl). Electronic configuration $(2,8,7) \xrightarrow{+1 e^{-}}$Chloride ion $Ch (2,8,8)$.
$\therefore Mg ^{2+}+2 CT \rightarrow MgCl _2$ (Magnesium Chloride)
- A Magnesium atom gives away $2 e ^{-}$and a cation of Magnesium $\left( Mg ^{2+}\right)$ is formed, hence, the valency of magnesium is two.
- Two chlorine atoms takes le ${ }^{-}$each and forms two anions of chlorine ( $2 Cl ^{-}$) (chloride), and thus, the valency of chlorine is one.
- After the give and take of electrons is over, the electronic configuration of all the resulting ions has a complete octet.
- Due to the attraction between the unit but opposite charges on all the ions, one chemical bond known as ionic bond is formed between $Mg ^{2+}$ and $2 Cl ^{-}$each and the compound $MgCl _2$ is formed.
(2) Calcium Oxide (CaO)
Calcium atom (Ca): Electronic configuration
$(2,8,8,2) \xrightarrow{-2 e^{-}} \text {Calcium ion } Ca^{2+}(2,8,8) \text {. }$
Oxygen atom (O). Electronic configuration $(2,6)$
$\xrightarrow{+2 e^{-}} \text {Oxygen ion } O^{2-}(2,8)$
$\therefore Ca^{2+}+O^{2-} \rightarrow CaO$
- A calcium atom gives away 2er and a cation of calcium $\left( Ca ^{2+}\right)$ is formed, hence, the valency of calcium is two.
- An oxygen atom takes $2 e ^{-}$and forms anions of oxygen ( $O ^{2-}$ ) (oxide), and thus, the valency of oxygen is two.
- After the give and take of electrons is over, the electronic configuration of both the resulting ions has a complete octet.
- Due to the attraction between the unit but opposite charges on the two ions, one chemical bond known as ionic bond is formed between $Ca ^{2+}$ and $O ^{2-}$ and the compound CaO is formed.
Magnesium atom (Mg): Electronic configuration
$(2,8,2) \xrightarrow{-2 e^{-}} \text {Magnesium ion } Mg^{2+}(2,8)$
Chlorine atom (Cl). Electronic configuration $(2,8,7) \xrightarrow{+1 e^{-}}$Chloride ion $Ch (2,8,8)$.
$\therefore Mg ^{2+}+2 CT \rightarrow MgCl _2$ (Magnesium Chloride)
- A Magnesium atom gives away $2 e ^{-}$and a cation of Magnesium $\left( Mg ^{2+}\right)$ is formed, hence, the valency of magnesium is two.
- Two chlorine atoms takes le ${ }^{-}$each and forms two anions of chlorine ( $2 Cl ^{-}$) (chloride), and thus, the valency of chlorine is one.
- After the give and take of electrons is over, the electronic configuration of all the resulting ions has a complete octet.
- Due to the attraction between the unit but opposite charges on all the ions, one chemical bond known as ionic bond is formed between $Mg ^{2+}$ and $2 Cl ^{-}$each and the compound $MgCl _2$ is formed.
(2) Calcium Oxide (CaO)
Calcium atom (Ca): Electronic configuration
$(2,8,8,2) \xrightarrow{-2 e^{-}} \text {Calcium ion } Ca^{2+}(2,8,8) \text {. }$
Oxygen atom (O). Electronic configuration $(2,6)$
$\xrightarrow{+2 e^{-}} \text {Oxygen ion } O^{2-}(2,8)$
$\therefore Ca^{2+}+O^{2-} \rightarrow CaO$
- A calcium atom gives away 2er and a cation of calcium $\left( Ca ^{2+}\right)$ is formed, hence, the valency of calcium is two.
- An oxygen atom takes $2 e ^{-}$and forms anions of oxygen ( $O ^{2-}$ ) (oxide), and thus, the valency of oxygen is two.
- After the give and take of electrons is over, the electronic configuration of both the resulting ions has a complete octet.
- Due to the attraction between the unit but opposite charges on the two ions, one chemical bond known as ionic bond is formed between $Ca ^{2+}$ and $O ^{2-}$ and the compound CaO is formed.
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