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The upper end of a wire of diameter $12\,mm$ and length $1\,m$ is clamped and its other end is twisted through an angle of $30^{\circ}$. The angle of shear is$........^{\circ}$
$Assertion :$ Solids are least compressible and gases are most compressible.
$Reason :$ solids have definite shape and volume but gases do not have either definite shape or definite volume.
Three bars having length $l, 2l$ and $3l$ and area of cross-section $A, 2 A$ and $3 A$ are joined rigidly end to end. Compound rod is subjected to a stretching force $F$. The increase in length of rod is (Young's modulus of material is $Y$ and bars are massless)
A $5\, m$ long aluminium wire ($Y = 7 \times {10^{10}}N/{m^2})$ of diameter $3\, mm$ supports a $40\, kg$ mass. In order to have the same elongation in a copper wire $(Y = 12 \times {10^{10}}N/{m^2})$ of the same length under the same weight, the diameter should now be, in $mm.$
A wire of length $L,$ area of cross section $A$ is hanging from a fixed support. The length of the wire changes to $L_{1}$ when mass $M$ is suspended from its free end. The expression for Young's modulus is