MCQ
$\int_0^{\pi / 2} \frac{d \theta}{1+\tan \theta}=$
  • A
    $\pi$
  • B
    $\frac{\pi}{2}$
  • C
    $\frac{\pi}{3}$
  • $\frac{\pi}{4}$

Answer

Correct option: D.
$\frac{\pi}{4}$
(D)
Let $I=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d \theta}{1+\tan \theta}$ …(i)
$=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d \theta}{1+\tan \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta\right)}$
$\ldots\left[\because \int_0^{ a } f (x) d x=\int_0^{ a } f ( a -x) d x\right]$
$\therefore \quad I=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d \theta}{1+\cot \theta}$ ...(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
$2 I=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\left(\frac{1}{1+\tan \theta}+\frac{1}{1+\cot \theta}\right) d \theta$
$=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\left(\frac{1}{1+\tan \theta}+\frac{\tan \theta}{\tan \theta+1}\right) d \theta$
$=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} d \theta=[\theta]_0^{\pi / 2}$
$\therefore \quad 2 I =\frac{\pi}{2} \Rightarrow I =\frac{\pi}{4}$
Alternate Method:
$\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d x}{1+\tan ^{ n } x}=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{d x}{1+\cot ^{ n } x} d x=\frac{\pi}{4}$
$\int_0^{\pi / 2} \frac{d \theta}{1+\tan \theta}=\frac{\pi}{4}$ 

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