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Animal Kingdom — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYAnimal Kingdom5 Marks
Question
Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates. Elaborate.
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Answer

Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates. This can be elaborated by the following characteristics of mammals.
  1. They are found in a variety of habitats like polar ice caps, mountains, deserts, forests and oceans.
  2. Most of them are terrestrial but some of them are adapted to fly (Bat) or live in water (Whale).
  3. They have 2 pairs of limbs, adapted for walking, running, climbing, burrowing, swimming or flying.
  4. They have mammary glands and are the only animals which nourish their young. Ones with milk.
  5. They are capable of learning due to presence of developed brain and thus are dominant animals.
  6. Presence of muscular diaphragm is a characteristic feature of mammals which help in breathing.
  7. Four-chambered heart pumps only oxygenated blood.
  8. A well developed placenta is present except in egg laying mammals.
  9. They are warm blooded, capable of maintaining constant body temperature. E.g., Macropus (Kangaroo), Equus (Horse), Macaca (Monkey) etc.

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