Question
Monohybrid cross and Dihybrid cross.

Answer

Monohybrid cross Dihybrid cross
$1.$ Crosses involving a single pair of alleles are called monohybrid crosses. $1.$ Crosses involving two pairs of alleles are called dihybrid crosses.
$2.$ Monohybrid crosses yield a phenotypic ratio of $3 : 1$ in the $F_2$ generation. $2.$ Dihybrid crosses yield a $9 : 3 : 3 : 1$ ratio in $F_2$ generation.
$3.$ Monohybrid crosses yield $1 : 2 : 1$ genotypic ratio in $F_2$ generation. $3.$ Dihybrid crosses yield $1 : 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 2 : 2 : 1 : 1$ genotypic ratio in $F_2$ generation.
$4.$ Application of the law of independent assortment is not applicable in monohybrid crosses. $4.$ Application of the law of independent assortment is applicable in dihybrid crosses.

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