Why and how did biodiversity evolve on the earth?

Question

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Answer

There is great diversity with respect to size from microscopic to macroscopic, shape, colour, form, mode of nutrition, type of habitat, reproduction, motility, duration of life cycle span, etc.
This diversity evolved in living beings for surviving and perpetuating to accommodate with different environmental conditions such as climatic, edaphic, topographic, geographic, etc. and different situations.
For achieving this, living organisms adapted to different conditions and various habitats.
This lead in formation of different features which lead to diversity in them.
These adaptations in different environments serve as basis for diversity.

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Column A	Column B
(1) Pioneer species	(a) Entire gradient of communities
(2) Climax species	(b) Spatial pattern
(3) Succession	(c) Quercus
(4) Sere	(d) Crustose lichen

Column I	Column II
(1) Graafian follicle	(a) Site of implantation
(2) Uterus	(b) Birth canal
(3) Fallopian tube	(c) Site of fertilization
(4) Vagina	(d) Release of secondary oocyte

Complete the following table: