Question
Name the various photosynthetic pigments.
✓
Answer
$1.$ Chemically chlorophyll molecule consists of two parts head of tetrapyrrole the porphyrin ring and a long hydrocarbon tail called phytol attached to the porphyrin group.
$2.$ Both chlorophyll$-a$ and chlorophyll$-b$ are similar in their molecular structure, except that the methyl group $(CH)$ in chlorophyll$-a$ is replaced with an aldehyde group $(CHO)$ in chlorophyll$-b$.
$3.$ Carotenoids are lipid compound present universally in almost all the higher plants and several microorganisms.
$4.$ They are usually red, orange, yellow, brown, and are associated with chlorophyll. They are of two types $–$ the carotenes and xanthophylls.
$5.$ The carotenes $(C_4OH_5)$ are orange red and xanthophylls contain oxygen.
$6.$ The light energy absorbed by the carotenoids is transferred to chlorophyll$-a$ to be utilized in photosynthesis.
$7.$ All photosynthetic plants have these pigments that absorb light between the red and blue region of the
spectrum.
$8.$ Carotenoids found mainly in higher plants, absorb primarily in the violet to blue regions of the spectrum.
$9.$ They not only absorb light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll but also protect the chlorophyll molecule from photo$-$oxidation. Xanthophylls $(C_4OH_56O_2)$ are yellow pigments found in fruits and vegetables.
$2.$ Both chlorophyll$-a$ and chlorophyll$-b$ are similar in their molecular structure, except that the methyl group $(CH)$ in chlorophyll$-a$ is replaced with an aldehyde group $(CHO)$ in chlorophyll$-b$.
$3.$ Carotenoids are lipid compound present universally in almost all the higher plants and several microorganisms.
$4.$ They are usually red, orange, yellow, brown, and are associated with chlorophyll. They are of two types $–$ the carotenes and xanthophylls.
$5.$ The carotenes $(C_4OH_5)$ are orange red and xanthophylls contain oxygen.
$6.$ The light energy absorbed by the carotenoids is transferred to chlorophyll$-a$ to be utilized in photosynthesis.
$7.$ All photosynthetic plants have these pigments that absorb light between the red and blue region of the
spectrum.
$8.$ Carotenoids found mainly in higher plants, absorb primarily in the violet to blue regions of the spectrum.
$9.$ They not only absorb light energy and transfer it to chlorophyll but also protect the chlorophyll molecule from photo$-$oxidation. Xanthophylls $(C_4OH_56O_2)$ are yellow pigments found in fruits and vegetables.
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