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Work and Energy — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsWork and Energy1 Mark
Question
No work is done by a force on an object if:
  1. The force is always perpendicular to its velocity.
  2. The force is always perpendicular to its acceleration.
  3. The object is stationary but the point of application of the force moves on the object.
  4. The object moves in such a way that the point of application of the force remains fixed.
✓

Answer

  1. The force is always perpendicular to its velocity.
  1. The object is stationary but the point of application of the force moves on the object.
  2. The object moves in such a way that the point of application of the force remains fixed.

Explanation:

No work is done by a force on an object if the force is always perpendicular to its velocity. Acceleration does not always provide the direction of motion, so we cannot say that no work is done by a force on an object if it is always perpendicular to the acceleration. Work done is zero when the displacement is zero.

In a circular motion, force provides the centripetal acceleration. The angle between this force and the displacement is 90°, so work done by the force on an object is zero.

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