MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. — Social Science STD 10 — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Social ScienceMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.4 Marks
Question
Note on Agro based Industry.
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Answer
Textile Industry The raw materials like cotton give rise to the textile and edible oil industry.
India has many cotton textile industries and it also exports a lot of cotton.
It is one of the oldest industries. Today there are more than $1600$ textile mills $79\%$ are in the private sector and $21\%$ are in the public and co-operative sector.
Today $93\%$ of the cotton cloth is produced in the decentralized sector, through power looms.
This industry has developed in the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh and Tamilnadu.
This is due to easy availability of raw material cotton, humid climate, market, transport, banking, electricity.
Jute Industry:
The Jute industry has developed in West Bengal because of the alluvial deltic soil of the Hooghiy, cheap labour, humid climate facilities, marketing, transportation and sea port facilities.
India is a leading producer of jute and stands second after Bangladesh.
here are about $70$ mills in India and over $80\%$ are in Bengal, $10\%$ in Andhra Pradesh and the rest are in Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Tripura and Assam.
The woollen industry started as a cottage industry in the country.
It has developed in a big way in Punjab Ludhiana, Chandigadh and Dhariwal.
It has also developed in the states of Gujarat, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra and Kashmir. Mumbai is the largest centre of woollen textiles.
There are small and medium silk textile units in India.
There are about $90$ silk mills In India produces about $85$ kgs of silk yarn and more than $90\%$ of it is produced In Karnataka, West Bengal and Kashmir. '
Indian silk is in great demand in Europe and Asia.
Silk is also exported to Russia, $UK, USA,$ Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Singapore.
Sugar Industry:
It is dependent on the production of sugarcane.
Sugar, Khandsari and jaggery are made from it.
India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world.
The sugar factories need to be close to the fields.
There are about $460$ sugar mills in India. Around $50\%$ of them are in Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra.
The other important centres are Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat.
The sugarcane produced in the southern states is sweeter because of the Iavaic soil.
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