(a) (Codon) X, is AUG. Codon Y may be UAA, UAG or UGA. (b) The code AUG is the initiation input. It codes for the amino acid methiomine. UAA, UAG, UGA are closing signal. They do not code any amino acid. (c) The other codons of $m$-RNA are UAC, CGU, UUU and AGA. They codes amino acids tryosin, arginine, phenyl aniline and arginine respectively. (d) The bonds between first amino acid and t-RNA breaks down during the peptide formation. The carboxyl group of this acid forms a peptide bond between the $- NH _2$ of the other amino acid. Hence, the secondary t-RNA carries dipeptide.
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