Organisms and Populations — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question
Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYOrganisms and Populations5 Marks
Question
Populations Interactions
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Answer
In nature, every species requires interactions with at least one other species for its food.
Even autotrophic plant species needs soil microbes to break down the organic matter in soil and return the inorganic nutrients for absorption.
The plants need animal agents . for pollination.
Animals, plants and microbes cannot live in isolation but interact in various ways to form a biological community.
Such interactions can be interspecific (within two different species) or intraspecific (within the same species).
Interspecific interactions are of broad four types viz, neutralism, negative or harmful, positive or beneficial, and both positive and negative interactions.
Interacting species live closely together in interactions such as predation, parasitism and commensalism.
Neutralism interaction have no significant effect on either species. Negative interactions are of competition or amensalism type. Positive interactions occur in the form of mutualism, protocooperation and commensalism. Parasitism and predation are both positive and negative type of interaction.
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