Question
Potential difference $(\triangle\text{V})$ between two points A and B separated by a distance x, in a uniform electric field E is given by $\triangle\text{V}=-\text{Ex},$ where xis measured parallel to the field lines. If a charge q0 moves from P to Q, the change in potential energy $(\triangle\text{U})$ is given as $\triangle\text{U}=-\text{q}_0\triangle\text{V}.$ A proton is released from rest in uniform electric field of magnitude 4.0 × 108Vm-1 directed along the positive X-axis. The proton undergoes a displacement of 0.25m in the direction of E.

Mass of a proton = 1.66 × 10-27kg and charge of proton = 1.6 × 10-19C.

  1. The change in electric potential of the proton between the points A and B is:
  1. -1 × 108V
  2. 1 × 108V
  3. 6.4 × 10-19V
  4. -6.4 × 10-19V
  1. The change in electric potential energy of the proton for displacement from A to B is:
  1. 1.6 × 1011J
  2. 0.5 × 1023J
  3. -1.6 × 10-11J
  4. 3.2 × 1022J
  1. The mutual electrostatic potential energy between two protons which are at a distance of 9 × 10-15m, in 92U235 nucleus is:
  1. 1.56 × 10-14J
  2. 5.5 × 10-14J
  3. 2.56 × 10-14J
  4. 4.56 × 10-14J
  1. If a system consistsoftwocharges 4mC and -3mC with no external field placed at (-5cm, 0, 0) and (5cm, 0, 0) respectively. The amount of work required to separate the two charges infinitely away from each other is:
  1. -1.1J
  2. 2J
  3. 2.5J
  4. 3J
  1. As the proton moves from P to Q, then:
  1. The potential energy of proton decreases.
  2. The potential energy of proton increases.
  3. The proton loses kinetic energy.
  4. Total energy of the proton increases.

Answer

  1. (a) -1 × 108V

Explanation:

As $\triangle\text{V}=-\text{E}\triangle\text{x}=-(4.0\times10^8\frac{\text{V}}{\text{m}})(0.25\text{m})$

$=-10^8\text{V}.$

  1. (c) -1.6 × 10-11J

Explanation:

As $\triangle\text{U}=\text{q}_0\triangle\text{V}$

$=-(1.6\times10^{-19})\times(-1.0\times10^8\text{V})$

$=-1.6\times10^{-11}\text{V}.$

  1. (c) 2.56 × 10-14J

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Explanation:

Here, q1 = q2 = 1.6 × 10-19C, r = 9 × 10-15m

$\text{U}=\frac{9\times10^9\times1.6\times10^{-19}\times1.6\times10^{-19}}{9\times10^{-15}}$

$=2.56\times10^{-14}\text{J}.$

  1. (a) -1.1J

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Explanation:

Here, $\text{q}_1=4\mu\text{C},\text{ q}_2=3\mu\text{C}$

r = 10cm = 0.1m

Electrostatic potential energy,

$\text{U}=\frac{1}{4\pi\in_0}\frac{\text{q}_1\text{q}_2}{\text{r}}$

$=9\times10^9\times\frac{4\times10^{-6}\times(-3)\times10^{-6}}{0.1}$

= -1.1J

  1. (a) The potential energy of proton decreases.

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Explanation:

As proton moves in the direction of the electric field, then its potential energy decreases.

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