Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ArtsHISTORYDelhi Sultanate5 Marks
Question
Provide information about the administration of the Sultanate.
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Answer
The rule of the Turks included the Mamluk dynasty, the Khalji dynasty and the Tughlaq dynasty.
This was followed by Syed and Lodi Afghans.
The explanation of the administration of the Sultanate is as follows.
In the Sultanate regime, the Sultan appointed a successor before his death.
The Sultan's position was not hereditary.
Every Muslim had the right to be a sultan.
Among the important matters regarding the appointment of successors in the sultans were birth, power, appointment made by the previous sultans and help of the amirs.
The form of government was like a dictator.
In it the will of the Sultan was the same law.
The account of the Sultan's family was important.
Its head was the "lawyer rate".
The equipment and nutrients for the court were being prepared in the factory of this department.
One of the titles was "Malek Naib".
During the Sultan's absence, he administered the kingdom.
The head of the civil administration was the "Wazir".
He had a finance account.
He conveyed the needs of the people to the Sultan.
Advising in governance.
Planning expenses and taxes.
He handled all the work related to public administration.
There was a "Deputy Wazir" to help the "Wazir".
The finance department itself included the account department, agriculture department, construction department etc.
The head of the revenue department was "Nazir".
“Diwan-e-Kaza was the head of the justice department.
He was responsible for complying with Sharia law.
He was the head of the Department of Religious Affairs, Sacred Institutions, and the Department of Education.
"Diwan-e-Insa" was the account of the royal correspondence.
His bureaucrat was a confidant of the Sultan.
High positions were held by Muslims from Central Asia and Iran. Indian Muslims and Hindus were appointed to inferior positions.
Political institutions and governance were in line with Iranian method and tradition.
It was customary to kiss the Sultan.
Persian was the court language.
The sultans built roads and planted trees on both sides.
Created "Sarai" or "Musafarkhana" for the convenience of passengers.
Developed postal system, prepared plans for drought relief, built canals for agriculture, developed revenue system.
The rule of the Sultanate was based on soldiers.
He was a follower of "Din".
The ulema prepared them to sacrifice under the banner of Islam in the hope of gaining wealth.
His main task was to destroy idolatry and convert the infidels.
Many sultans did not allow new temples to be built or even to repair old ones.
Hindus were banned from performing religious acts in public.
Alauddin Khalji started the custom of giving cash to the soldiers as salary instead of jagir.
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