Read the passage given below and answer the following questions. … - Vidyadip

Question

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
Every state in India has a Legislative Assembly. Each state is divided into different areas or constituencies. The state of Himachal Pradesh is divided into 68 assembly constituencies. From each constituency, the people elect one representative who then becomes a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). You would have noticed that people stand for elections in the name of different parties.
These MLAs, therefore, belong to different political parties. A political party whose MLAs have won more than half the number of constituencies in a state can be said to be in a majority. The political party that has the majority is called the ruling party and all other members are called the opposition. For example, the Legislative Assembly of the state of Himachal Pradesh has 68 MLA constituencies.
(i) How are Members of the Legislature Assembly (MLA) elected in India?
(a) Elected by Governor $\quad$
(b) Chosen by the president $\quad$
(c) Directly elected by the people $\quad$
(d) Selected by political parties
(ii) What is the role of opposition in a Legislative Assembly?
(a) To make laws $\quad$ (b) To appoint the Chief Minister $\quad$
(c) To challenge and scrutinise the ruling party $\quad$ (d) To approve budget
(iii) How is the ruling party different from the opposition in a Legislature Assembly?
(a) By the number of MLAs elected $\quad$
(b) By constituencies members $\quad$
(c) By alphabetical order $\quad$
(d) By party names
(iv) What happens if a political party's MLA win more than half the constituencies in a state?
(a) They form a coalition. $\quad$ (b) They become opposition. $\quad$
(c) They dissolve Legislative Assembly. $\quad$ (d) They are in the majority and become the ruling party.

✓

Answer

(i).(C). directly elected by the people
(ii).(C) To challenge and scrutinise the ruling party
(iii).(A). By the number of MLAs elected
(iv).(D). They are in the majority and become the ruling party.

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Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
In this bustling urban environment, a community of people resides in an area surrounded by high-rise buildings, busy streets, and various human-made structures, comprising what is commonly referred to as a "human-made environment". Over the years, they've witnessed substantial changes in their surroundings as the city has evolved. These changes may include increased urban development, technological advancements, and a higher population density. This urban community's environment is characterised by its vibrant, fast-paced lifestyle, the presence of various amenities and services, and a significant human influence on the landscape. It exemplifies how human interaction with the environment can lead to the development and transformation of urban spaces.
(i) In what type of environment do the people in urban community primarily reside?
(a) Biotic $\quad$ (b) Abiotic $\quad$ (c) Human-made $\quad$ (d) Natural
(ii) As the city has evolved, what could be one significant change that the community might have observed in their environment?
(a) A decrease in pollution
(b) An increase in natural green spaces
(c) More urban development
(d) Decreased population
(iii) What is the key characteristic of the environment in this urban community?
(a) Presence of forests and wildlife
(b) Limited human influence
(c) High population density and human-made structures
(d) Absence of technological advancements
(iv) What best describes the environment of the urban community surrounded by high-rise buildings and busy streets?
(a) A natural environment with minimal human influence.
(b) A rural environment with a focus on agriculture and farming.
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(d) An untouched wilderness with no human presence.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
Language and Region
In 1318, the poet Amir Khusrau noted that there was a different language in every region of this land: Sindhi, Lahori, Kashmiri, Dvarsamudri (in Southern Karnataka), Telangani (in Andhra Pradesh), Gujari (in Gujarat), Ma'bari (in Tamil Nadu), Gauri, (in Bengal). Awadhi (in Eastern Uttar Pradesh) and Hindawi (in the area around Delhi). Amir Khusrau went on to explain that in contrast to these languages there was Sanskrit which did not belong to any region. It was an old language and "common people do not know it, only the Brahmanas do".
Make a list of the languages mentioned by Amir Khusrau. Prepare another list of the names of languages spoken today in the regions he mentioned. Underline names that are similar and circle those that are different. Did you notice that the names by which languages are known have changed over time?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
Some of them like Kabir and Baba Guru Nanak rejected all orthodox religions. Other like Tulsidas and Surdas accepted existing beliefs and practices but wanted to make these accessible to all.
Tulisdas conceived of God in the form of Rama. Tulsidas's composition, the Ramcharitmanas, written in Awadhi (a language used in Eastern Uttar Pradesh), is important both as an expression of his devotion and as a literacy work. Surdas was an ardent devotee of Krishna. His compositions, compiled in the Sursagara, Surasaravali and Sahitya Lahari, express his devotion. Also contemporary was Shankaradeva of Assam who emphasised devotion of Vishnu, and composed poems and plays in Assamese.
(i) Which composition, written in Awadhi, is considered important as an expression of devotion and as a literary work?
(a) Ramcharitmanas
(b) Sursagara
(c) Sahitya Lahari
(d) Surasaravali
(ii) Which work is not associated with expressing the devotion of Surdas?
(a) Ramcharitmanas
(b) Sursagara
(c) Sahitya Lahari
(d) Surasaravali
(iii) Which poet from Assam emphasised devotion to Vishnu?
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(b) Tulsidas
(c) Shankaradeva
(d) Guru Nanak
(iv) According to the passage, who rejected all orthodox religions?
(a) Kabir
(b) Guru Nanak
(c) Tulsidas
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
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Among them are the Bedouins and Tuaregs. These groups are nomadic tribes rearing livestock such as goats, sheep, camels and horses. These animals provide them with milk, hides from which they make leather for belts, slippers, water bottles; hair is used for mats, carpets, clothes and blankets. They wear heavy robes as protection against dust storms and hot winds.
(i) Which types of vegetation are mentioned in the Sahara desert?
(a) Oak trees
(b) Cactus, date palms and acacia
(c) Pine trees
(d) Maple trees
(ii) What are the green islands with date palms in the Sahara called?
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(b) Meadows
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(d) Orchards
(iii) Which animals are prominent in the Sahara desert?
(a) Polar bears and penguins
(b) Tigers and elephants
(c) Camels, hyenas and jackals
(d) Kangaroos and koalas
(iv) What products do the hides of the livestock provide for the Bedouins and Tuaregs?
(a) Chocolate bars
(b) Leather for belts, slippers and water bottles
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(d) Diamond jewellery

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
The rhythmic rise and fall of ocean water twice in a day is called a tide. It is high tide when water covers much of the shore by rising to its highest level. It is low tide when water falls to its lowest level and recedes from the shore. The strong gravitational pull exerted by the Sun and the Moon on the Earth's surface causes the tides. The water of the Earth closer to the Moon gets pulled under the influence of the Moon's gravitational force and causes high tide. During the full moon and new moon days, the Sun, the Moon and the Earth are in the same line and the tides are highest. These tides are called spring tides. But when the Moon is in its first and last quarter, the ocean waters get drawn in diagonally opposite directions by the gravitational pull of Sun and Moon resulting in low tides.
(i) What causes the rhythmic rise and fall of ocean water, known as tides?
(a) Winds scraping across the ocean surface
(b) Earth's rotation on its axis
(c) Gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon
(d) Underwater volcanic eruptions
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(a) High tides with maximum water coverage
(b) Low tides with minimal water coverage
(c) Tides occurring during the first and last quarter of the Moon
(d) Tides caused by volcanic eruptions
(iii) Spring tides occur during which of the following?
(a) Half Moon $\quad$ (b) Full Moon $\quad$ (c) Quarter Moon $\quad$ (d) None of these
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Read the passage given below and answer the following question.
Rocks are made up of different minerals. Minerals are naturally occurring substances which have certain physical properties and definite chemical composition. Minerals are very important to human kind. Some are used as fuels. For example, coal, natural gas and petroleum. They are also used in industries-iron, aluminium, gold, uranium, etc. in medicine, in fertilisers, etc.
(i) What are rocks primarily composed of?
(a) Organic materials $\quad$ (b) Minerals $\quad$ (c) Gases$\quad$ (d) Water
(ii) Which of the following is not a characteristic of 0 minerals?
(a) Crystalline structure
(b) Specific physical properties
(c) Naturally occurring
(d) Variable chemical composition
(iii) Which of the following minerals is used as fuel?
(a) Coal $\quad$ (b) Iron $\quad$ (c) Mica $\quad$ (d) Gypsum
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Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow.
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(i) Who collected manuscripts for the record?
(a) Wealthy people
(b) Rulers
(c) Temples
(d) All of the above
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(a) Hall
(b) Archive
(c) Treasury
(d) Granary
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(a) Better handwriting
(b) Introduction of small changes by scribes over centuries
(c) Existence of multiple original manuscripts
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(b) To emphasise the simplicity of manuscript copying.
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
We have seen that the weavers are paid little by the merchant under the putting out system. Weaver's cooperatives are one way to reduce the dependence on the merchant and to earn a higher income for the weavers. In a cooperative, people with common interests come together and work for their mutual benefit. In a weaver' cooperative, the weavers from a group and take up certain activities collectively. They procure yarn from the yarn dealer and distribute it among the wavers. The cooperative also does the marketing. So, the role of the merchant is reduced, and weavers get a fair price on the cloth.
(i) What is the main goal of weaver's cooperation?
(a) Increase income $\quad$ (b) Reduce dependence $\quad$
(c) Yarn Procurement $\quad$ (d) Marketing
(ii) How does the merchant's role change in weaver's cooperatives?
(a) Reduced $\quad$ (b) Increased $\quad$ (c) Unchanged $\quad$ (d) Eliminate
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Read the given passage and answer the following questions.
Guru Gobind Singh had inspired the Khalsa with the belief that their destiny was to rule (raj karega Khalsa) Their well-knit organisation enabled them to put up a successful resistance to the Mughal governors first and then to Ahmad Shah Abdali who had seized the rich province of the Punjab and the Sarkar of Sirhind from the Mughals. The Khalsa declared their sovereign rule by striking their own coin again in 1765. Significantly, this coin bore the same inscription as the one on the orders issued by the Khalsa in the time of Banda Bahadur.
(1) What was the term given to the bands in which Sikhs organised themselves?
(a) Rakhi
(b) Khalsa
(c) Deshmukhs
(d) Jathas
(ii) In which of the following years Guru Gobind Singh died?
(a) 1708
(b) 1716
(c) 1699
(d) 1715
(iii) Who reunited Sikhs groups again and established Sikh empire in 1799?
(a) Banda Bahadur
(b) Hiza Singh Dogra
(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh
(d) Guru Gobind Singh
(iv) According to Guru Govind Singh, what was the primary objective of the Khalsa?
(a) Cultural preservation
(b) Economic prosperity
(c) Political rule
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Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
While the government does continue to censor films, it does not really censor the media's coverage of news. Despite the absence of censorship by the government, most newspapers nowadays still fail to provide a balanced story. The reasons for this are complicated. Persons who research the media have said that this happens because business houses control the media. At times, it is in the interest of these businesses to focus on only one side of the story. Media's continual need for money and its links to advertising means that it becomes difficult for media to be reporting against people who give them advertisements. Media is, thus, no longer considered independent because of its close links to business.
(i) What is the term used when government restrict a new item or movie scenes from being shared?
(a) Publish $\quad$ (b) Editing $\quad$ (c) Posting $\quad$ (d) Censorship
(ii) What is the main challenge of ensuring balanced and objective reporting in the media today?
(a) The media's close relationship with business $\quad$
(b) Government interference $\quad$
(c) Media's focus on sensationalism and distortion $\quad$
(d) All of the above
(iii) According to the passage, is media considered independent?
(a) No $\quad$ (b) Yes $\quad$ (c) Only partially $\quad$ (d) It depends on the government
(iv) Which of the following is the best way to stay informed about current events?
(a) Read only from one source. $\quad$ (b) Read from various source $\quad$
(c) Watch cable network $\quad$ (d) None of the above