Question
  1. State Bohr’s quantization condition for defining stationary orbits. How does de Broglie hypothesis explain the stationary orbits?
  2. Find the relation between the three wavelengths$\lambda_{1} , \lambda_{2}$ and$\lambda_{3}$ from the energy level diagram shown below.

Answer

Only those orbits are stable for which the angular momentum, of revolving electron, is an integral multiple of $\frac{\text{h}}{2\pi}.$

Alternate Answer

$[\text{L} = \frac{\text{nh}}{2\pi}$ i.e. angular momentum of orbiting electron is quantised.]

According to de Broglie hypothesis

Linear momentum $(\text{P}) = \frac{\text{h}}{\lambda}$ 

And for circular orbit $\text{L} =\text{r}_{n}\text{p}$ where $' \text{r}_{n} '$ is the radius of quantized orbits.

$ = \frac{\text{rh}}{\lambda}$

Also $\text{L} = \frac{\text{nh}}{2\pi}$

$\therefore\frac{\text{rh}}{\lambda} = \frac{\text{nh}}{2\pi}$

$\Rightarrow2\pi\text{r}_{n} = \text{n}\lambda$

$\therefore$ Circumference of permitted orbits are integral multiples of the wavelength $\lambda$

$\text{E}_{c} - \text{E}_{B} = \frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{1}$ . . . . (i)

$\text{E}_{B} - \text{E}_{A} =\frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{2}$ . . . . (ii)

$\text{E}_{c} - \text{E}_{A} = \frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{a}$ . . . . . (iii)

Adding (i) & (ii)

$\text{E}_{c} - \text{E}_{A} = \frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{1} + \frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{2}$ . . . . . (vi)

Using equation (iii) and (iv)

$\frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{3} = \frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{1} + \frac{\text{hc}}{\lambda}_{2} = > \frac{1}{\lambda}_{3} = \frac{1}{\lambda}_{1} + \frac{1}{\lambda}_{2}$

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