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Superposition of Waves — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsSuperposition of Waves4 Marks
Question
State the characteristics of progressive waves.
✓

Answer

Characteristics of a progressive wave :
  1. Energy is transmitted from particle to particle without the physical transfer of matter.
  2. The particles of the medium vibrate periodically about their equilibrium positions.
  3. In the absence of dissipative forces, every particle vibrates with the same amplitude and frequency, but differs in phase from its adjacent particles. Every particle lags behind in its state of motion compared to the one before it.
  4. A wave motion is doubly periodic, i.e., it is periodic in time and periodic in space.
  5. The velocity of propagation through a medium depends upon the properties of the medium.
  6. Progressive waves are of two types : transverse and longitudinal. In a transverse mechanical wave, the individual particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave. The progressively changing phase of the successive particles results in the formation of alternate crests and troughs that are periodic in space and time. In an em wave, the electric and magnetic fields oscillate in mutually perpendicular directions, perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
    In a longitudinal mechanical wave, the individual particles of the medium vibrate along the line of propagation of the wave. The progressively changing phase of the successive particles results in the formation of typical alternate regions of compressions and rarefactions that are periodic in space and time. Periodic compressions and rarefactions result in periodic pressure and density variations in the medium. There are no longitudinal em wave.
  7. A transverse wave can propagate only through solids, but not through liquids and gases while a longitudinal wave can propagate through any material medium.

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