Download App

metals and non-metals — Science STD 10 — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Sciencemetals and non-metals3 Marks
Question
State the general properties of ionic compounds.
✓

Answer

  • The general (common) properties of ionic compounds are as follows :
  • $(1)$ Physical nature :
  • The ionic compounds are solids and hard because of the strong forces of attraction between the positive and negative ions.
  • These compounds are generally brittle and break into pieces when pressure is applied.
  • $(2)$ Melting and boiling points :
  • A considerable large amount of energy is required to break the strong inter-ionic attraction.
  • Hence, ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
  • For example,
Melting and boiling points of some ionic compounds
Ionic compound Melting point
$(K)$		 Boiling point
$(K)$
$NaCl$ $1074$ $1686$
$LiCl$ $887$ $1600$
$CaCl_2$ $1045$ $1900$
$CaO$ $2850$ $3120$
$MgCl_2$ $981$ $1685$
  • $(3)$ Solubility :
  • Electrovalent (Ionic) compounds are generally soluble in polar solvent like water and insoluble in non-polar organic solvents such as kerosene, petrol, etc.
  • $(4)$ Conduction of electricity :
  • The conduction of electricity through a solution involves the movement of charged particles.
  • A solution of an ionic compound in water contains ions, which move to the opposite electrodes, when electricity is passed through the solution.
  • Ionic compounds in the solid state do not conduct electricity because the movement of ions in the solid is not possible due to their rigid structure.
  • But, ionic compounds conduct electricity in the molten state.
  • Since the electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions are overcome and free ions are obtained due to heat.
  • As a result, these ions move freely and conduct electricity.

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "[3 Mark Questions]" from metals and non-metals→metals and non-metals — all question types→Science STD 10 question papers→Gujarat Board STD 10 question papers→Gujarat Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

Explain the construction of cross section of flower.
→
How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
→
Give scientific reason:
Response to stimuli is the characteristic of every living organism.
→
Describe the activity to show that the colours of white light splitted by a glass prism can be recombined to get white light by another identical glass prism. Also draw ray diagram to show the recombination of the spectrum of white light.
→
Write a note on 'Rancidity'.
→
Enlist the uses of H2 and Cl2.
→
A straight current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field such that its length is perpendicular to the field. Name and state the rule used to find the direction of the force acting on the conductor.
→
What is meant by combination reaction? Explain it with a suitable example.
→
Explain the following terms for a convex lens:
(1) Centre of curvature
(2) Principal axis
(3) Optical centre
(4) Aperture
(5) Radius of curvature
(6) Principal focus
(7) Focal length
→
How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction? State the limitations of asexual mode of reproduction.
→