carbon and its compounds — Science STD 10 — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Sciencecarbon and its compounds3 Marks
Question
How would you distinguish experimentally between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid?
✓
Answer
An alcohol and a carboxylic acid can be distinguished experimentally by the following tests:
$(1)$ Sodium hydrogencarbonate test:
Take a small amount of each substance in two different test tubes and add to it an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate.
Test tube in which brisk effervescence of $CO_2$ gas appear contains carboxylic acid.
Solution of ethanol does not produce brisk effervescence of $CO_2$ gas.
$(2)$ Alkaline potassium permanganate test:
Take a small amount of each substance in two different test tubes, and add to it a few drops of alkaline potassium permanganate and warm the test tubes.
The purple colour of potassium permanganate disappear in the test tube containing alcohol.
Solution of carboxylic acid does not discharge the colour of potassium permanganate.
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