Question
Substantiate with the help of one example that in an ecosystem mutualists:
- Tend to co-evolve.
- Are also one of the major causes of biodiversity loss.
✓
Answer
Mutualists are pairs of organism that benefit from the interactions between them.
- Mutualism between a flower and its pollinator follows co-evolution as the interaction should be safe from "cheating". A Fig species is pollinated by a particular species of wasp. While the wasp uses the fruit for oviposition and source of nourishment for its larvae, the fig is pollinated by the wasp.
- Since both the participants in the mutualism are linked, a change, anthropogenic or otherwise, affecting one species will consequently also reduce the population of the other species. Plant-Pollinator interaction is an example of the same. Extinction of the pollinator will reduce the diversity of plant species which is dependent on it. Reduction in bees population is posing a threat to the diversity of crops.
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