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3. Classification of elements and periodicity in properties — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistry3. Classification of elements and periodicity in properties1 Mark
MCQ
Thalium shows different oxidation states because
  • A
    It is a transition element
  • ✓
    Of inert pair effect
  • C
    Of its amphoteric character
  • D
    Of its higher reactivity
✓

Answer

Correct option: B.
Of inert pair effect
b
Thallium is a $p$ block element belonging to group $13$ and period $6$.

Electronic configuration of Thallium is $[ Xe ] \,4 f ^{14} \,5 d ^{10}\, 6 s ^2 \,6 p ^1$.

$d$ and $f$ electrons of inner shells provide poor shielding, thus the attraction of the nucleus on the $s$ electrons of the outermost shell increases. This is called the inert pair effect.

Whereas, $s$ electrons provide strong shielding to $p$ electrons, thus making it easy for the $p$ electrons to be released.

Thus, although Thallium shows $+3$ and $+1$ oxidation states, $+1$ is more common.

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