Human Reproduction — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

The mitotic division starts as the zygote moves through the isthmus of the oviduct called cleavage towards the uterus and forms 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells called blastomeres. The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a morula. The morula continues to divide and transforms into blastocysts, it moves further into the uterus.

1. The blastomeres in the blastocyst are arranged into an outer layer called trophoblast and an inner group of cells attached to trophoblast called the inner cell mass. The trophoblast layer then gets attached to the endometrium and the inner cell mass gets differentiated as the embryo.
2. After attachment, the uterine cells divide rapidly and covers the blastocyst. As a result the blastocyst becomes embedded in the endometrium of the uterus. This is called implantation and it leads to pregnancy.