Question
"There is a close and reciprocal relationship between planning and controlling". Explain the statement.

Answer

There is a close and reciprocal relationship between planning and controlling because:
  1. Controlling is blind in the absence of standards which are provided by planning;
  2. Planning without controlling is meaningless as controlling ensures that the events conform to the plans.
  3. Planning prescribes an appropriate course of action for achieving objectives whereas controlling evaluates whether decisions have been translated into desired actions.
  4. Planning and controlling both are forward-looking as well as looking back.

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