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States of Matter — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryStates of Matter5 Marks
Question
Two flasks 'A' and 'B' have equal volumes. Flask 'A' contains $H_2$ and is maintained at $300K$ while 'B' contains equal mass of $CH_4$ gas and is maintained at $600K$.
  1. Which flask contains greater number of molecules? How many times more?
  2. In which flask pressure is greater? How many times more?
  3. In which flask molecules are moving faster?
  4. In which flask the number of collisions with walls are greater?
✓

Answer

  1. Flask 'A' contains greater number of molecules. Number of moles in flask A = 8 × Number of moles in flask B.
Let the equal mass be x.
Ratio of number of moles $=\frac{\text{x}}{2}:\frac{\text{x}}{16}=8:1$
  1. Flask 'A' has greater pressure.
Pressure $\propto$ Number of moles
Pressure $\propto$ Temperature
If temperature had been equal, pressure in 'A' would have been 8 times but in 'A', temperature is $\frac{1}{2}$ of that in B.
$\therefore$ Pressure will be 4 times more.
$P_1 \times V = n_1RT_1$
$P_2 \times V = n_2RT_2$
$\Rightarrow\frac{\text{P}_1}{\text{P}_2}=\frac{8\times\text{R}\times300\text{K}}{1\times\text{R}\times600\text{K}}$
$\Rightarrow\frac{\text{P}_1}{\text{P}_2}=\frac{4}{1}$
Pressure in flask A = 4 × Pressure in flask B.
  1. Flask B. because velocity is directly proportional to square root of temperature.
  2. Flask A, because number of molecules of flask A is more.

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