$C{H_3}COON{H_4}\xrightarrow{\Delta }X\,\xrightarrow{{{P_2}{O_5}}}\,Y\,\xrightarrow{{{H_2}O/{H^ + }}}\,Z$
$\begin{matrix}
O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \\
||\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \\
C{{H}_{3}}-C-OH+C{{H}_{3}}-OH\overset{cat.}{\longleftrightarrow} \\
\end{matrix}\begin{matrix}
O\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \\
||\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, \\
C{{H}_{3}}-C-O-C{{H}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}O \\
\end{matrix}$