Question
Using the formula for the radius of $n ^{\text {th }}$ orbit $r_n=\frac{n^2 h^2 \varepsilon_0}{\pi m e^2}$ derive an expression for the total energy of electron in $n^{\text {th }}$ Bohr's orbit.
✓
Answer
→From Bohr's second postulate, the formula for the radius of $n^{\text {th }}$ orbit for hydrogen atom is.
$r_n=\frac{n^2 h^2 \varepsilon_0}{\pi m e^2}$
→The total energy of the electron in the stationary states of the hydrogen atom is
$E _n=-\frac{1}{8 \pi \varepsilon_0} \frac{e^2}{r_n}$
→Using equation (1) and equation (2)
$E _n=-\frac{1}{8 \pi \varepsilon_0} \frac{e^2}{\left(\frac{ n ^2 h^2 \kappa_0}{\pi m e^2}\right)}$
$\therefore E _n=-\frac{m e^4}{8 \varepsilon_0{ }^2 n^2 h^2}$
→Substituting $m=9.1 \times 10^{-31} kg$
$\begin{array}{l}
e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} C \\
\varepsilon_0=8.85 \times 10^{-12} \frac{ C ^2}{ Nm ^2} \\
h=6.625 \times 10^{-34} Js
\end{array}$
→Simplifying equation,
$E _n=-\frac{2.18 \times 10^{-18}}{n^2} J$
→Atomic energies are often expressed in electron volts $(e V)$.
$\begin{array}{l}
\therefore E _n=-\frac{2.18 \times 10^{-18}}{n^2 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19}} eV \\
\therefore E _n=-\frac{13.6}{n^2} eV
\end{array}$
→The negative sign of the total energy of an electron moving in an orbit means that the electron is bound with the nucleus.
→Thus, energy will be required to remove the electron from the hydrogen atom to a distance infinitely far away from its nucleus.
$r_n=\frac{n^2 h^2 \varepsilon_0}{\pi m e^2}$
→The total energy of the electron in the stationary states of the hydrogen atom is
$E _n=-\frac{1}{8 \pi \varepsilon_0} \frac{e^2}{r_n}$
→Using equation (1) and equation (2)
$E _n=-\frac{1}{8 \pi \varepsilon_0} \frac{e^2}{\left(\frac{ n ^2 h^2 \kappa_0}{\pi m e^2}\right)}$
$\therefore E _n=-\frac{m e^4}{8 \varepsilon_0{ }^2 n^2 h^2}$
→Substituting $m=9.1 \times 10^{-31} kg$
$\begin{array}{l}
e=1.6 \times 10^{-19} C \\
\varepsilon_0=8.85 \times 10^{-12} \frac{ C ^2}{ Nm ^2} \\
h=6.625 \times 10^{-34} Js
\end{array}$
→Simplifying equation,
$E _n=-\frac{2.18 \times 10^{-18}}{n^2} J$
→Atomic energies are often expressed in electron volts $(e V)$.
$\begin{array}{l}
\therefore E _n=-\frac{2.18 \times 10^{-18}}{n^2 \times 1.6 \times 10^{-19}} eV \\
\therefore E _n=-\frac{13.6}{n^2} eV
\end{array}$
→The negative sign of the total energy of an electron moving in an orbit means that the electron is bound with the nucleus.
→Thus, energy will be required to remove the electron from the hydrogen atom to a distance infinitely far away from its nucleus.
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