Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Sciencelife processes4 Marks
Question
What are blood vessels? Explain their types.
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Answer
The close hollow tubes, transporting the blood from the heart to different organs and from different organs of the body to the heart, are called blood vessels.
The blood circulates in the entire body through the blood vessels.
There are three types of blood vessels:
$(1)$ Arteries, $(2)$ Veins and $(3)$ Blood capillaries.
$(1)$ Arteries:
Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood from the heart towards other organs.
Herein, the blood flows at higher pressure.
So the walls of the arteries are thick and more elastic.
The artery finally ends in capillaries.
The arteries carry oxygenated blood, except the pulmonary arteries that carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
$(2)$ Veins:
Veins are blood vessels that carry blood from different organs of the body towards the heart.
Herein, the blood flows at somewhat lower pressure, so, their walls are somewhat thin and less elastic.
The capillaries join together to form veins.
The veins carry deoxygenated blood, except the pulmonary veins that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs.
$(3)$ Blood capillaries:
On reaching an organ or tissue, the artery divides into smaller and smaller vessels to bring the blood in contact with each of the individual cells.
The smallest vessels have one cell layered thick walls are called capillaries.
Exchange of material between the blood and surrounding cells takes place across thin wall.
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