What are ionic compounds or electrovalent compounds? Explain with… - Vidyadip

Question

What are ionic compounds or electrovalent compounds? Explain with example.###Explain the formation of sodium chloride (NaCl).

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Answer

The compounds formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal are known as ionic compounds or electrovalent compounds. Atomic number of sodium is 11. Sodium atom has one electron in its outermost shell (M-shell). Sodium atom loses the electron from its M-shell and forms sodium cation (Na⁺) and acquires stable complete octet structure of noble gas neon (Ne).

Similarly, atomic number of chlorine is 17. Chlorine atom has seven electrons in its outermost shell (M-shell). Chlorine atom gains one e^- which is lost by sodium atom and forms chloride anion (CI^-) and acquires stable complete octet structure of noble gas argon (Ar).

Sodium cation (Na⁺) and chloride anion (CI^-) being oppositely charged attract each other and are held by strong electrostatic forces of attraction and exists as sodium chloride (NaCl).

Sodium chloride exists as a group of oppositely charged ions.

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