Biomolecules — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

→Hormones have several functions in the body.
→They help to maintain the balance of biological activities in the body.
→The role of insulin in keeping the blood glucose level with in the narrow limit is a example of this function.
→Insulin is released in response to the rapid rise in blood glucose level.
On the other hand hormone glucagon tends to increase the glucose level in the blood.
→The two hormones together regulate the glucose level in the blood. →Epinephrine and norepinephrine mediate responses to external stimuli. →Growth hormone and sex hormones play role in growth and development.
→Thyroxine produced in the thyroid gland is an iodinated derivative of amino acid tyrosine.
→ Abnormally low level of thyroxine leads to hypothyroidism which is characterized by lethargyness and obesity.
→ Increased level of thyroxine causes hyperthyroidism.
→Low level of iodine in the diet may lead to hypothyroidism and enlargement of the thyroid gland. This condition is largely being controlled by adding sodium iodide to commercial table salt. ("Iodized" salt).