Rural Development — Economics STD 12 Humanities & Commerce — Question

Briefly discuss the state of infrastructure at the time of Independence.

Explain the 'trickle down effect'.

Categories canals, houses, schools, railways, ships, hospitals, banks, development banks, aerodromes, courts, power plants, transmission lines and satellites into economic and social infrastructure.

"Over time, human capital has replaced physical capital as the most scarce resource and the main economic factor". What is the value of human capital in economic development?

Explain the progress made in international trade after Independence.

'The railways affected the structure of the Indian economy positively, as well as negatively.' Discuss.

Explain different sources of credit in rural areas.

A skilled worker like software professional generates more income than an unskilled worker. Why?

Differentiate between:

1. Formal and Informal Sector.
2. Seasonal and Disguised Unemployment.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4.
The World Development Report 1990 endorsed a poverty alleviation strategy that combines enhanced economic growth with provisions of essential social services directed towards the poor while creating financial and social safety nets. Numerous social safety net programmes and public spending on social protection including social insurance schemes and social assistance payments continue to act as tools of poverty alleviation in many of the developing countries across the world. These social safety nets and protection programmes show positive impacts on the reduction of poverty extent Vulnerability and on a wide range of social inequalities in developing countries. One major concern dogging these programmes however is their long-term sustainability. Singh and Chudasama PLos ONE

1. In India poverty alleviation programme were introduced from.................... Five Year plan.

1. First
2. Second
3. Third
4. Fourth

2. In India poverty alleviation programme were infrastructure development.

1. True
2. False
3. Sometime true & sometime false
4. None of the ab

3. Which of the following programmes provide insurance cover to poor?

1. National Social Assistance Programme
2. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
3. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
4. Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme

4. National Urban Livelihood Mission is based on the approach of.....................?