Download App

Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiotechnology: Principles and Processes5 Marks
Question
What is genetic engineering? List the steps involved in rDNA technology.
✓

Answer

Genetic engineering is a manipulation of genetic material in vitro. It involves the techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA and RNA), to introduce the host organisms and thereby change the phenotype of the host organism.
Steps of DNA technology are:
  1. Isolation of DNA.
  2. Fragmentation of DNA by restriction endonucleases.
  3. Isolation of the desired DNA fragments.
  4. Amplification of the gene of interest.
  5. Ligation of the DNA fragment into the vector using DNA ligase.
  6. Transfer of the recombinant DNA into the host.
  7. Culturing the host cell on a suitable medium on a large scale.
  8. Extraction of the desired product.
  9. Downstream processing of the products as finished products.

Need a full question paper?

Generate a complete, print-ready paper with questions like this in minutes — across 16+ boards, with answer keys.

Start Generating Free

Explore more

More "5 Marks Questions" from Biotechnology: Principles and Processes→Biotechnology: Principles and Processes — all question types→BIOLOGY STD 12 Science question papers→Gujarat Board STD 12 Science question papers→Gujarat Board question paper generator→

Similar questions

  1. Explain the phenomenon of multiple allelism and co-dominance taking ABO blood group as an example,
  2. What is the phenotype of the following:
  1. IAi
  2. ii
→
What are hallucinogens? Give two examples. Mention their clinical use, if
any.
→
Describe the main ideas behind the biological control of pests and diseases.
→
  1. List the three different allelic forms of gene ‘I’ in humans. Explain the different phenotypic expressions, controlled by these three forms.
  2.  A woman with blood group'A'marries a man with blood group 'O'. Discuss the possibilities of the inheritance of the blood groups in the following, starting with 'yes' or 'no' for each:
  1. They produce children with blood group ‘A’ only.
  2. They produce children, some with 'O' blood group and some with 'A' blood group.
→
What are the reasons for biodiversity conservation?
→
  1. What are biopesticides? Give any two examples of their application.
  2. What is mycorrhiza? How does it act as a biofertilizer?
→
Vicky's mother was using the same mosquito repellent cream from last six years. She was regularly complaining that this cream has no effects on mosquitoes now. Hearing this, Vicky advised his mother to change the cream as regular usage has led the mosquitoes to develop resistance against it. His mother changed the cream and could notice its effect on mosquitoes.
  1. Explain how mosquitoes were not affected by the previous cream?
  2. On what factors, Darwin's theory was based?
  3. Can you relate this incident to Darwin's concept? How?
  4. Identify the values shown by Vicky.
→
During her tour to a renowned forest, Sakshi saw a highway being constructed, which passes through the middle of the forest. She was unhappy seeing that and on return, she contacted the local eco-club and approached the concerned department to stop the work.
  1. What would be the effect on biodiversity, if the highway is constructed?
  2. How forests are useful to mankind?
  3. What values of Sakshi reflect here?
→
What do you understand by Parturition? Discuss the parturition and lactation process in human.
→
Let us assume in a given plant the genotype symbol “Y” stands for dominant yellow seed colour and “y” for recessive green seed colour; symbol “R” for round seed shape and “r” for wrinkled seeds.
Two homozygous parents (plants) with genotypes “RRYY” and “rryy” are crossed and their F1–generation progeny is then selfed. What shall be the:
  1. Phenotype of F1–progeny.
  2. Genotype of F1–progeny.
  3. Gamete genotypes of F1–progeny.
  4. Phenotypic ratio of F2 population.
  5. Phenotypic ratio of yellow seed to green seed and round seed to wrinkled seed in F2 population.
→